Lumbar pain most often affects people after 35 years.In the vast majority of cases, the disease is associated with vertebrae deformation and their consequences.The opportune appeal to the doctor will accelerate recovery, because symptoms and treatment of lumbar spine osteochondrosis are interconnected concepts.
The greater the progress of the disease, the more serious its consequences are, the more difficult the process of health restoration.
Signs and symptoms of lumbar spine osteochondrosis
The lumbar region is located between the sacred and the chest department and consists of five vertebrae connected by intervertebral discs.
The development of osteochondrosis means the wear and tear of intervertebral discs that play a role of shock absorption in the loads in the spine.The base of the discs is a gel -like mass, protected by a dense fibrous ring and cartilage, and the interior space is filled with a liquid pulse core.
As cargo on vertebrae, elasticity and flexibility of intervertebral discs are lost, lost, such as their height, and microcracks are formed in the fibrous ring, which over time lead to their rupture and damage to the pulpic nucleus.
The destruction of the tissues is accompanied by a pinch of nerve roots located on both sides of the vertebrae and causes intense pain.
The main signs of lumbar osteochondrosis:
- back pain;
- fatigue and depression;
- Excessive muscle weakness or tension;
- Loss of sensitivity in limbs, buttocks or hips;
- Acute or painful pain and spasms in the lower back, usually giving the legs;
- Violation of motor function.
In the context of severe vertebral lesions, other symptoms are also observed in the lower back, most of the time, dysfunction of other organs - the urinary and sexual system, the gastrointestinal tract.
Causes
Like most diseases in the musculoskeletal system, osteochondrosis can develop for many reasons.Some of them are in the lifestyle and diet, the other part develops against the background of the physiological characteristics of the body.
Often, the treatment of lumbosacra spine osteochondrosis is required by athletes whose backs are not only under constant energy loads but also to periodic lesions.
The second category of people who are at risk, people who, due to their profession, spend a lot of time in one position - teachers, hairdressers, cooks, porters, waiters, programmers, office workers and drivers.
Among other causes of pathology development:
- Overweight;
- Violation of metabolism;
- Inadequate posture, STOP;
- genetic predisposition;
- injuries;
- bad habits;
- Lack of beneficial traits and vitamins in the diet;
- abnormal development of the muscle bone system, flat feet;
- hypothermia;
- sedimentary, static;
- Frequent tensions.
All listed factors may affect the elasticity of intervertebral discs as they contribute to a violation of blood circulation or the appearance of a nutrient deficiency entering vertebrates.
Lumbar spine osteochondrosis
Depending on the level of damage to the spine, the four degrees of osteochondrial process development are distinguished, manifested in stages as the disease develops.
The first degree.
Pathological processes in the spine begin long before their first clinical manifestation.As a result, moisture losses, intervertebral discs become less elastic elastic.The height of the discs is stored normal.The patient feels discomfort in the lower back.
The second degree.
At the bottom of moisture deficiency, microcracks appear in the fibrous ring and inflammation of the tissue develops.The vertebrae hooks of the vertebrae gradually increase.In cartilage, there are seals.The patient complains about back pain, giving to the feet or groin.It is possible to limit engine resources.In the work of the internal organs, failures occur.
The third degree.
The integrity of the fibrous ring is disturbed, the intervertebral disc is out, forming a hernia.Nerve vessels and terminations are compacted.Muscle spasms, pelvic organs dysfunctions, a sensitivity disorder of the lower ends, prolonged radiculitis attacks are observed.
The fourth degree.
The most complex, not subject to treatment, internship during the disease.As a result of the complete destruction of intervertebral discs, scars are formed in their place.The vertebrae are close maximums and gradually deform.With the development of spinal cord compression, it is possible to paralysis of the lower ends.
Diagnosis
To recognize the disease and determine the exact diagnosis, neurologists use a measurement complex - a history of anamnesis, physiological examination and hardware studies.
Hang -up Collection.
Provides for the study of the patient's complaints:
- the cause of anxiety;
- Place of location of the discomfort;
- Duration and intensity of unpleasant sensations;
- the duration of the disease;
- Possible causes of the disease;
- Frequency of exacerbations;
- factors that cause exacerbations;
- Factors that improve well -Gest.
In addition, the doctor studies information about the patient's lifestyle, diet, work and rest, the presence of bad habits, hereditary factors and injuries.
Physiological examination.
It is performed to determine pathological changes and make a preliminary diagnosis.
During the exam, the doctor evaluates the patient's motor skills - march, posture, amplitude and volume of movements.The palpation method examines the condition of the muscles - tone, size, volume of spasms.Using lower tingling, it defines the level of sensitivity.The recording with a hammer makes it possible to discover the area of pain irradiation.
Hardware Search
For complete and accurate information about the location of the pathology and the degree of tissue injuries, doctors use research through various types of medical equipment.
Radiography.The study of the lumbar region through a root X allows us to establish anatomical parameters of the vertebrae and intervertebral discs, the tendency to restrict the holes between the bases, the presence of bone growth.
Tomography.The use of electromagnetic waves provides the image output from the area studied to the screen for additional studies and analyzes of the state of blood vessels that feed the spine tissue, nerve processes and intervertebral discs.
CT.Images from various segments of the spine are performed using a -x radiation radiation.The image is displayed on the monitor to determine the nature of vessel changes, the vertebrae membrane and spinal cord and regional growth.
For differential diagnosis, various types of studies are used to eliminate pathologies from other body systems.
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacra spine
The duration and characteristics of lumbosacral osteochondrosis treatment depend on the results of diagnostic measures.In the early stages of disease development, conservative treatment is indicated.With more complex lesions of the spine, surgical intervention is used.
The ideal therapeutic effect is achieved through complex therapy, which provides the use of local medications, physiotherapy, massage and healing gymnastics.
Drug treatment
To relieve symptoms, non -esteroids for internal and external use are prescribed - compressed, injections, ointments.In addition, chondroprotectors, neuroprotectors, diuretics, vitamins and muscle relaxing are used.
Drug treatment allows:
- eliminate pain;
- Remove inflammation;
- relax muscles;
- restore destroyed cartilaginous tissue;
- improve blood circulation;
- reduce swelling;
- increase physical activity;
- Normalize brain nutrition.
In acute pain, novocaine blockages are used that provide an instant effect.
Popular remedies
Treatment with folkloric methods is effective as an additional medicine for drug therapy.The main techniques of traditional medicine are based on the use of plant materials, animal products and chemicals.
Based on various components, ointments and compresses, decoctions and infusions are prepared for internal and external use as well as for therapeutic baths.
Physiotherapy for osteochondrosis lumbar
Physiotherapeutic procedures are a great way to restore the motor functions of the spine after damage to osteochondrosis.
The main physiotherapeutic methods include:
- Electrotherapy - exposure to weak electrical currents to increase blood circulation in tissues;
- Magnetotherapy - The use of magnetic fields to restore tissues at the cellular level;
- Laser therapy - comprehensive activation of biological processes in vertebrates and nerve endings;
- Therapy with shockwaves-a improvement in microcirculation and metabolic processes on tissues affected by the effect of an acoustic wave;
- Balneotherapy - The use of the healing properties of mineral water.
Physiotherapeutic procedures not only increases the effectiveness of drug treatment, but also contribute to the cure and strengthening of the body as a whole.
Lumbar osteochondrosis massage
Visiting massage procedures are one of the most pleasant and most effective methods for the treatment of osteochondrosis.
Using therapeutic massage:
- eliminate muscle cramps;
- improve blood supply for affected areas;
- improve lymph output;
- Restore the muscles that expose atrophy;
- Remove the restriction of mobility.
Massage is prescribed when pain syndromes are eliminated.
Therapeutic gymnastics
The main task of osteochondrosis exercise therapy is to restore the functionality of the spine and its correction.However, you can participate in classes only after eliminating the symptoms of exacerbation.
The most effective methods of therapeutic exercises are considered:
- charger;
- visiting the gym;
- Aquatic therapy, swimming.
At home, you can use a sports rim.Some doctors to restore spine flexibility recommend yoga classes for their patients.
Excessive osteochondrosis exercises
Any osteochondrosis exercises should be performed slowly and without sudden movements.
To strengthen the muscles that support the vertebrae, approaching the exercises performed in the stomach.In this case, the hands are stretched with a slight sip, but without tension.Repeat 4 times.
Surgical intervention
They resort to the treatment of the spine in particularly difficult cases - with significant neurological disorders as well as in case of loss of control over intestinal movements.
In the course of surgical intervention, the removal of the source of the disease is guaranteed and the measures are performed to stabilize the spine.The post -operative period lasts several months.
Why is lumbar osteochondrosis dangerous?
Degenerative changes that occur with lumbar osteochondrosis contribute to the development of many dangerous diseases for human life.Against the background of intervertebral hernia, protrusion, lumbago and Ishias.
Additional progress of the disease can cause the intervertebral disc and spinoz formation.In addition to intense pains that accompany pathologies, a person's motor skills are violated until their full loss.Paralysis of the lower extremities develops.
With significant damage to the spinal cord membrane, death is inevitable.
Prevention
To avoid destructive spinal changes, you need to take care of a healthy lifestyle:
- Sports - Swimming, hardening;
- adhere to good balanced and balanced nutrition;
- exclude bad habits;
- Keep the posture;
- Support the spine during sleep using an orthopedic mattress.
In addition, it is advisable to avoid hypothermia, weight lifting.Women are not recommended to wear high -oel shoes frequently.
You can keep your health lumbar if you adjust your lifestyle and not forget the importance of physical activity.